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The Council of Government has approved a decree for which he declares himself Goods of Cultural Interest, with the categories of archaeological area and monument, respectively, the deposit and the chapel of Setefilla, in the Sevillian locality of Lora del Río. The norm also establishes a protection environment for the castle of Arab origin of Setefilla, who was already considered to be a monument.
The archaeological area, of 175 hectares of surface, shares the same enclave as the chapel and the castle and a set integrates of remains that they include from the second millenium B.C. until the IVth century B.C. His cultural sequence offers a special interest, given that it includes periods little known in the western Andalusia, as Full bronze and the Final Bronze.
The first excavation was realized between 1926 and 1927 in the area of the necropolis, where ten busy tumuli were exhumed indiscriminately by graves of incineration and of burial, all of them corresponding to the Period Orientalizante (700-500 A.C). In 1973 and 1975 were new burials of this type. Finally, the works realized between 1976 and 1979 stated an occupation continued until the IVth century B.C. in the hill where it locates the castle.
For his part, the Chapel of the Virgin of Setefilla is an important one focus of popular piety which first building goes back to year 1280. The temple is dedicated to Our Lady of Embodiment, dedication with which the date is commemorated of Christian conquest of the area, on March 25, 1247. declaration of Good of Cultural Interest includes the real estate that compose his historical patrimony, between them the image of Virgin of Setefilla, of the XVIIIth century (the original lost in one fire), and a collection of votive offerings of the XVIIIth to XXth century.
Setefilla was during the Middle Age an important enclave related to the Moslem presence, the Christian conquest and her later repopulation of the area, like test his frequent appearance in the texts of the historians of the epoch. The fortitude, named Chandafilah or Chant-Fila, was constructed between the years 888 and 912 under the mastery of the tribe Berber of Banu Layt. After the reconquest of the area for Fernando III in 1243, turns out to be said for Alfonso X with the name of Septefilia or Seven fillas. population lodged the place up to his definitive abandonment in 1539.
The castle consists of two walled enclosures. Inside the first one space, in the Courtyard of Weapon a rectangular cistern is visible of small dimensions with domed covering. The second enclosure, more raised, defends itself in his southern flank for three towers. Of they, which better survives is that of the Homage, which occupies it central position and presents the biggest dimensions. DECREE 240/2002, of September 24, for that declare themselves and delimit like goods of cultural interest, with category of archaeological area and that of monument, the deposit and her Setefilla chapel respectively and there delimits the interest good cultural castle of Setefilla, situated in the municipal term of Lora del Río Castle of Setefilla:
The name of Setefilla has his origin in a medieval place name that had to recount to the Moslem fortitude placed in the table of the same name, and that later was applied to the dedication to which he dedicated the chapel. During the Middle Age it was an important enclave related to the Moslem conquest, the Christian reconquest and the consequent repopulation of the area and it turns out to be several times said in the sources of the epoch. After the Moslem conquest, the region there stayed under control of the tribe Berber of Banu Layd, who fortified the fort of Chadfilah or Chant-Fila between the years 88&912. In the XIIth century the geographer Edrisi mentions with this one his last name, and later, after the reconquest of the area for Fernando III in 1243, turns out to be quoted by Alfonso X with the name of Septefilia or Seven fillas, denomination that includes one more area extensive and that alludes to seven head offices or deserted places, one of which should have constituted it the proper castle. The Table of Setefilla retires definitely in 1539.
A1 castle one gains access for the south-west, following a way, of which still there stay clear touches of paving and of a wall perimetral in the oriental side. The fortitude consists of two purple enclosures: in first, of major dimensions, the entry door is located, on the south, across a rectangular tower that forces to an access in hook.
Inside the first enclosure, in the Courtyard of Weapon, one is visible rectangular cistern of small dimensions, with domed covering. The second enclosure placed to a level higher than the rest, is defended in his south flank for three towers. The head office, of major dimensions and better preserved, is the Tower of the Homage. The second one enclosure has an irregular form, since one adapts to the end of foreland on which it places the castle. The patio is of dimensions much more limited than the Courtyard of Weapon and in his north end is defended by another tower placed in one small natural elevation.
The best preserved area of the castle is the separation wall between two enclosures. In this sector, the linens that join three central towers are those that the biggest heights preserve reaching the level of the way of round.
The skill used in the construction of the castle is mixed, getting together the employment of the stone in the low parts of linens and towers, with the tapial in the Superiors. This skill constructive and certain architectural details confirm her Islamic chronology of the fortitude.
The chapel of Setefilla and his pilgrimage:
Fernando III of Castile conquers it in the middle of the XIIIth century Arab Lawra, important built-up area and defensive center between Cordova and Seville, donating it, immediately, to the Military Order of Saint John of Jerusalem or of Malta, which gentlemen they had contributed to his capitulation. With these territories the order organized a small dominion that ended up by being formed in a bailía and several you entrust, whose capital status was residing in the Female parrot town, juridically established in the Letter It Populates of 1259.
His first religious center was this church provided with a benefit simple ecclesiastic that a prior enjoyed, I will fry of a convent sanjuanista of Santa Maria of the Mount of Mother of the son-in-law, in exchange for to serve it. This church, documented in 1280, there was dedicated to mystery of the Embodiment of Our Mister Jesus Christ and in her was giving cult to an image of the Virgin with a Child Jesus in arms, placed in the most principal place of the high altar in a tabernacle of wood and with a carpet with the Evangelists behind him. Her dedication took as a justification to commemorate and to be grateful for the date of the conquest of the area, which was March 25, 1247, day in that the Church celebrates the mystery of the Embodiment.
The town and castle of Setefilla was celebrating on September 8 in the portals of the Church a fair or annual market that was reaching the whole region. From 1259, with the Letter It Populates granted, the Female parrot locality begins to have importance, and consequent Setefilla despoblamiento takes place . Nevertheless, the Church kept on supporting the supremacy of the region with commemoration every March 25 of the day of the Embodiment, in fulfillment of a vote or promise that the Council of Female parrot, as governing head of the bailía, had formulated, probably, in commemoration for the conquest, linking this way seven places from the bailía to the religious holiday of the day of the Embodiment, to to celebrate in the church of Santa Maria of Setefilla. The ceremony was consisting of a procession with cross and clergymen and solemn mass with sermon. The previous night there took place a public sail, wing that they were assisting devout of Female parrot and the region. The day of the holiday, Council of Female parrot and the clergymen head a procession from Female parrot of the Rio to the Setefilla village, in whose church the prior was celebrating a mass. The holiday was not lacking popular happiness, with singings, dances and meal, with bread share-out, cheese and wine for the chapter loreño. In the evening eve office was celebrated being returned later to Female parrot.
In 1543 the Setefilla town became depopulated, going his neighbors to Female parrot. Nevertheless, his church stayed opened to the cult prioral. The changes of structure of the dominion, joined the depopulation of Setefilla, made possible that Female parrot was spending to turn in principal trustee of the legacy and property development company of the cult.
In the middle of the XVIth century the Council of Female parrot rebuilds completely vote of the day of the Embodiment, and it was established that the pilgrimage to the above mentioned church was carried out in the term of nine days following on the day of the Embodiment.
The popularity of the image was the cause of that the Council of Female parrot was deciding to lead to the town from the chapel in procession of his Te Deum owing to a pressing or public need ordeal, epidemic, drought floods. These transfers begun to be realized from the middle of the XVIth century. To facilitate these transfers and to look over his cult they remained established in Church of Setefilla two brotherhoods origin of the current Brotherhood Major than Our Lady of Setefilla. A brotherhood existed much ancient, called Brotherhood of Our Lady of the Embodiment of Setefilla, whose rules were reformed in 1889 and 1926.
The Pilgrimage to the sanctum of the Virgin of Setefilla takes place at present on September 8 of every year. The Arrival of Virgin to Lora del Río, celebrates every 5 years from his return to chapel and exceptionally when for reasons of need like that he was estimating opportunely. For his part, the stay of the Virgin in town is tried, except for the most serious motives, which one does not prolong any more than two years.
The chapel, originally Mudejar, has three ships separated for props and covered by wooden structures. The biggest chapel has a stretch covered with dome on scallops, and other with vault of cannon and fanlights. Later interventions have modified his aspect, giving him baroque character. The exterior is shaped for porch with brick props, and buttresses in his wings and later part. The front presents an arch in antis, as principal access crowned by a bulrush of double arcade. In his interior lodges an important real estates collection. |
